Areas of research
Discrete mathematics & algorithms |
With the growing use of the Internet and new communications technologies, massive amounts of information and data are being produced and made available every day. One of the major challenges today is thus to find efficient, au tomatic ways to sort very large data or data sets of various kinds – such as textual, linguistic, multimedia or biological data. Researchers at the Bézout Labex are addressing this pressing issue by exploring formal models, syntactic methods and multifractal systems. They are also designing probabilistic and approximate algorithms, and developing methods to structure, classify and index big data. One of the objectives of this work is produce software devoted to applications in bio-informatics, linguistics and computer science code analysis. |
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Stochastic and deterministic models |
Stochastic and deterministic modelling constitutes an emerging area of research, where significant advances in several fields of application can be expected. Certain new contributions have a significant impact in the areas of banking and insurance, for instance in modelling with jump processes and Malliavin calculus and in the modelling of dependence in multiple dimensions. Another important topic concerns numerical methods for fluid mechanics and materials for biological systems from microscopic to macroscopic scale. In the context of Markovian dynamics, new topics to be developed concern long-time behaviour, metastable dynamics, piecewise deterministic Markov processes and random trees – which all have important applications in physics and biology. |
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Images & geometry |
Important breakthroughs can be made in the areas of 3D photography and medical image analysis by solving open mathematical problems. In medicine, finding better ways to read images will make it possible to visualize complex phenomena that are currently poorly understood, such as how blood flows inside the brain, what happens during a heart attack or even how cancer develops or disappears. In the area of 3D photography, 3D models for individual buildings or entire areas can be developed and then used in construction, cinema, video games, virtual tourism, heritage preservation, etc. Semantically rich 3D models as well as image analysis can also be used to draft or supplement building information models (BIMs) which are increasingly used in the construction industry. |
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High-dimensional phenomena |
High-dimensional phenomena are ubiquitous in modern applications such as telecommunications, genomics or imaging. These models, based on mathematical and algorithmic analyses, involve tools from asymptotic geometric analysis, random matrices and combinatorics. Large Random Matrix Theory has proved to be very efficient for finding solutions to many current issues in telecommunications. This theory makes it possible to handle the averaging effect that appears in highdimensional random systems, and it is currently one of the key devices used to analyze and improve the performance of cellular networks. |
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Smart Cities |
A number of fields of study in the Bézout Labex have natural applications to smart cities. A transversal research axis has been created to group and organize them. Applications includes urban modeling to reconstruct the geometry and semantics of existing cities and buildings (CIM, BIM), digital construction and maintenance with robots and vision systems, architecture and structural mechanics operating on optimal and constructible forms, urban networks taking into account mobility, efficient transport systems mixing transport on demand with more traditional means of transportation, and multifractal analysis of urban data, e.g., to apprehend the human exposure to noise and air pollution in urban areas. These applications require progress in domains such as image and geometry processing, machine learning such as deep learning, differential geometry, large and reconfigurable networks, operations research and multifractal analysis. |
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